The exsistence of primitive settlers is confirmed since prehistoric time. Several archeological remains have appeared in some caves, and in Cave of Sidron, close to Borines, there are several cave paintings.
     During Protohistoric Era, Piloña was settled by the "Luggones", one of the most important tribes within the Astures. According to the cronicles of a greek geographer of the second century, called Ptolomeo, its capital was Palentium (Beloncio).
     During Roman occupation, , Piloña is also romaized. Pelayo's escape from the Arabs troops ,who chased him till he was captured, took place. The legend tells he was in Brece, small village located in Piloña ,when someone warned him, because he was in danger. He ran away in his horse and, after swimming across river Piloña, he hid away into the deepest forests of this territory.

     In medieval documents, references to churches and places of Piloña are really common. In the "Liber Testamentorum of Saint Salvador's cathedral (Oviedo)", dated in the 23rd of September of 926, Ramiro II, Alfonso III and queen Jimena's son, confirms donations given by his ancestors to Oviedo's parish, among them, several churches and places in Piloña are mentioned.
    During those Middle Age centuries, a territory called Piloña was defined and delimited, different from otrher neighbourhoods, and commanded by a tenant,; all this events happened at the end of XII century.
     Troughout the time, Piloña is one of the municipalities which attended the Assembly celebrated in Oviedo's cathedral, in1378. This assembly was the origin of "La Junta General del Principado de Asturias"(General Assembly of The Principality of Asturias).
     In 1810, during Independence War, spanish troops commanded by general Llano Ponte were concentrated in Infiesto, in order to stop invading troops advance, commanded by general Bonet. As a consequence of this fact, a regiment is created in Infiesto.
     In the 18th century, "Opus Pia"(culture fundation), was founded in Piloña. Here, many subjects were taught, for instance: Moral Teology, Latin, Geography, Accountance and many other cultural subjects. The first public schools in the municipality were founded in 1785, and in the last quarter of 19th century there were many schools all over the municipality.
     About the coat of arms which represents this municipality, the major wrote to the regional parliament in 1886,, describing it in the following way: "on a blue background, an armoured knight followed by his loyal squire wading river Piloña". There is also an inscription telling: "adelante mi escudero que mi caballo pie halla" (the knight was trying to cross the river because he was running away from arab troops, but first, he had to find a place to cross, due to the river was really deep).
     In Octuber of 1891, a railway line (Oviedo-Infiesto) was inaugurated.
     In 1934, during October Revolution, the municipality, specially its capital, took part in several insurrectional movements which spread out from Oviedo to the west, as far as Infiesto.
     Due to the military upraising of 1936, Piloña was in the Republican side, where it remained until October of 1937, when Resistence in Asturias had to surrender. During its retreat, Infiesto's main bridge was blown, and after Civil War, there were still insurrectional actions promoted by republicans.
     During the second half of 20th century, economy recovered due to industrial investment. Many factories were opened in the munucipality: bottled mineral water factories (Borines & Quess), dairy products (Nestle), "llagares" (places where cider is made in Asturias), candies factories (ChupaChups) all of them well-known trade marks all over the world. We would like to mention Chupa Chups because it was created by a bussiness man from Villamayor.
     Nowadays, Piloña faces 20th century with an optimistic point of view, realising that its indisputable natural resources, can guarantee a well developed tourist sector based on QUALITY.